Table 3 Traditional and Non-Traditional Uses of Minerals in Pharmaceuticals (Rowe et al. 2009; Boddu et al. 2015; Haydel et al. 2008, Gershkovich et al.; 2009; Constantinides 2014)
Minerals | Traditional Uses as Functional Excipients | Non-Traditional Uses as Atypical Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients |
|---|---|---|
Kaolin, Montmorillonite (bentonite), Magnesium Aluminum Silicate, Talc (hydrated magnesium silicate), Precipitated Calcium Carbonate, Calcium sulfate, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, Magnesium Carbonate, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Sodium Chloride | suspensions, gels, lotions, magmas and milks, adsorbents, fillers and diluents disintegrants, lubricants anti-adherents, glidants | gastric antacids, laxatives, anti-diarrhea agents, topical OTC medications, antimicrobial agents: antiviral, antibacterial antifungal, inhibitors of the absorption of dietary cholesterol |